Primary crushers come in a variety of designs. The ideal one for a primary crushing application may vary depending on the material, the desired product size, the feed size, and the needed capacity.
The purpose of primary crushers is to compress big run-of-mine materials, such as rocks and ore lumps, into smaller pieces for later processing, whether that involves transport to more crushers or wet processing facilities. The jaw crusher machine manufacturer provides the initial steps of the crushing process, which need a primary crusher. Thus, it varies depending on the final product’s material and demands and may also involve secondary, tertiary, and even quaternary crushing stages.
TYPES OF PRIMARY CRUSHERS
There are numerous kinds of primary crushers, including:
- Gyratory Crushers
- Jaw Crushers
- Hammermills
- Horizontal Shaft Impact Crushers
- Roll Crushers
- Cone Crushers
GYRATORY CRUSHERS
Gyratory Crushers are a great option for a primary crusher since they can handle hard and abrasive material. They work best with dry to slightly moist materials but not sticky ones.
Gyratories are compression crushers that are popular for several applications requiring exceptionally large tonnages of materials from heavy mining and quarry resources. They offer a 4:1 to 7:1 reduction ratio.
A gyratory crusher’s major components are a tall crushing section lined with replaceable manganese wear plates. It also has a main shaft with a head and mantle and a spider to secure the top of the main shaft bearing. They come in single-cylinder and multiple-cylinder designs, with an adjustable main shaft positioning mechanism and drive assembly.
Gyratory crushers often require a big housing structure that might demand a sizable technical expenditure and a higher capital cost.
JAW CRUSHERS
Jaw Crushers are another good choice for initial crushing applications since they can handle the roughest, hardest, and most abrasive materials. They are capable of handling non-sticky, dry, to slightly moist material.
These compression crusher models are ideal for heavy mining. Also, it is helpful for quarried materials, sand and gravel, and recycling. They provide reduction ratios ranging from 3:1 to 6:1.
The V-shaped chamber of a jaw crusher forms by a moving piece of steel (known as the pitman) and a fixed piece of steel. Between the moving and stationary steel pieces, materials that enter the chamber and the size reduces. In the bottom part of the chamber, most of the crushing action occurs.
HAMMERMILLS
it is a primary crusher that uses different types of material and is best for industrial applications. It helps crush limestone, marble, shale, gypsum, phosphate, bauxite, aluminum dross, uranium, cryolite, clinkers, quicklime, petroleum coke, coal, and more.
Hammer mills tend to yield finer material in addition to size reduction, which may not be desired for many applications. They do this by combining impact, shear, and attrition reduction processes. When the material enters the crusher, swinging hammers attached to a rotating rotor strike it, shattering it.
The smaller particles breaks down when they travel across the grate surface and into the hammer circle after rebounding off the breaker plates. When the material is the right size, it leaves through the grate assembly’s apertures. Aggregate hammer mills can produce pulverized lime or high-quality, cubical aggregate material with exceptional soundness.
HORIZONTAL SHAFT IMPACT CRUSHERS
It helps in the primary size reduction of soft to medium hard materials. These specific impact crushers can handle non-sticky, dry or wet material that is just mildly abrasive. In applications using recycled materials, sand and gravel, and quarry materials, they offer a reduction ratio of 10:1 to 25:1.
Horizontal Shaft Impactors has a sizable expansion chamber that houses a rotating rotor shaft coated with blow bars or hammers. When the material enters the crushing chamber, it makes contact with the rotating rotor. Then the breaker plates that line the chamber’s walls.
The first contact of the material with the rotor and its following collision with the breaker plates causes a large portion of the material to break. As the material go into the chamber, some more fracture are caused by inter-particle collisions.
ROLL CRUSHERS
Roll Crushers are the primary crushing of soft to medium hard materials. The material can be mildly abrasive, dry, or moist and sticky. They generally have a 4:1 reduction ratio and are useful in heavy mining operations. Since roll crushers are compression-type devices, the spacing between the rolls is primarily useful to regulate output gradation. A coarser output produces with a wider setting.
Various designs of primary roll crushers are available:
- Single Rolls are designed with a low-speed crushing roll that compresses materials against a curved crushing plate.
- Double Rolls have two roll shafts that rotate and crush the material between the roll bodies and teeth.
- Triple Roll has a single roll arrangement that handles the first crushing. Due to the design and wider feed hole, it is perfect for handling greater meal amounts.
- Quad Roll Roll Crushers are ideal for medium-sized feed material.
CONE CRUSHERS
Cone Crushers are compression-type machines that are helpful in secondary crushing stages. They can also be useful as the main crusher in some circumstances. They work with abrasive materials that can be dry or wet but not extremely soft or hard.
Cone crushers are frequently useful in sand and gravel applications as well as with quarry materials. They offer a 3:1 to 5:1 reduction ratio.
Cone crushers compress material as it enters the crushing chamber between a swaying mantle and concaves. The distance between the mantle and the concave at their closest points is changed to regulate gradation. It is done by raising and lowering the crusher’s top or bowl. Although throughput decreases, a finer setting will result in a finer output.
The Crushers You Need for Your Operation
Do you still have concerns regarding crushers or any other elements of the handling and processing of aggregate? At Ugurmak stone crushing stone crusher machine Manufacturer, we provide the highest-performing crushing machinery that will work tirelessly to generate whatever finished goods you intend to manufacture, including salt, coal, slag, fertilizer, specialty mineral products, recycled asphalt, sand, and gravel. Get in touch with us immediately to see how we can create a crushing circuit tailored to your needs or integrate a new rock crusher into your current setup.
