In mines and ore processing plants, a jaw crusher is a sizable piece of machinery that we use to smash rocks. Eli Whitey Black, an inventor who mostly created gear for crushing stone, initially introduced the apparatus back in 1858. Since then, jaw crushers have been extensively common in the mining and recycling sectors. Such sectors that require the reduction of big materials. Here, we’ll go over the many types of jaw crushers now in use as well as how they operate.
There are many various kinds and designs of crushing equipment, as anyone who has worked in the rock, sand, gravel, or mineral processing industries or who regularly reads our site is aware. Depending on your location, the product you’re producing, and the volume you need to generate, you’ll need one of the following types of crushers: jaw, cone, impact, or gyratory.
Where a particular crusher fits in your processing activities is popular by its design and capabilities. To conduct the required material reduction activity, you may have various types of crushers positioned in primary, secondary, and tertiary stations in a circuit structure. Every kind of crusher contributes distinct advantages and strengths to the process.
How Does It Work?
Using compressive force, jaw crushers reduce heavy materials into smaller, easier-to-handle fragments. It features two crushing jaws, one of which is stationary and the other mobile, and both of which provide mechanical pressure to the materials to crush them. The crusher dumps the materials into the crushing chamber, which is formed by the two vertical crushing jaws and resembles a V. Also, it gets its name from the way that the hole initially widens before narrowing and forming a V to receive the crushed materials.
The top entrance of the crushing chamber serves as a gauge for a jaw crusher’s size. For instance, a 48″ x 42″ jaw crusher has two crushers that are 42″ apart in width and 48″ apart from one another. The following are the main uses for jaw crushers:
- Crush various ores
- Chopping up construction debris
- Rocks that range in hardness from moderate to exceedingly hard
- Slicing up big glasses
- Crushing other sturdy objects
As mentioned above, many jaw crusher designs will function slightly differently, but their general operation is the same. All jaw crushers work by compressing huge rocks, ore, or other materials. A mobile, “swing” jaw applies force to the feed material by pushing it up against the fixed plate, while a fixed jaw set in a V-shape alignment serves as the stationary breaking surface.
The output gap, which determines the size of the crush product from the jaw crusher, is available at the base of the “V”-aligned jaw plates. Until it is small enough to fit through the opening, the rock is held in the jaws.
How we Crush Hard Materials with a Jaw Crusher?
When crushing hard materials, single-toggle jaw crushers move the moving crusher in an elliptical pattern, whereas double-toggle jaw crushers use a pendulum action. The eccentric shaft produces the crushing force, which this crusher transmits to the crushing zone via a toggle plate mechanism. The entire system connects negatively by spring-pulling rods, and heavy loads are offset by centrifugal weights on the eccentric shaft.
It greatly decreases the feed material when it enters the crushing chamber due to the angle of depth between the two crushers. The final size grain distribution of the crushed materials will be determined by the adjustable crusher settings and the compatibility of the selected tooth form for the crushing plates. You can change the multiple settings for the crusher thanks to an adjustable wedge mechanism. The adjusting system’s components are all accessible and require little to no maintenance. If it totally wears out, it can also change the pieces.
Jaw crusher toggle plates employ interchangeable temperature pressure bars that don’t require maintenance. To make sure that the bearing points receive enough grease, a lubrication system works best.
What Varieties Of Jaw Crushers Are There?
To meet various crushing requirements, jaw crushers are available in a variety of sizes and forms. Today, some of the most popular varieties of jaw crushers are:
- Single-toggle jaw breakers
- Jaw crushers with two toggles
There are numerous other jaw crushers, including bulldog and force feed models. However, we’ll concentrate on the two most used jaw crushers in the mining sector for reference. We’ll go through the functions of various pieces of machinery and how they differ from one another down below. Ugurmak is an affordable Jaw Crusher Machine Manufacturer from where you can source bulk crushers.
Single-Toggle Jaw Breakers
The eccentric shaft of single-toggle jaw crushers, commonly referred to as eccentric overhead crushers, is located above the machine. Here, the eccentric is there in the swing jaw plate, which oscillates up and down as the flywheel is turned. A single-toggle jaw crusher’s swing plate pivots at the bottom, which moves the jaw in an arc-like motion. When it compresses the material against the stationary plate by the moving crusher, the crushing is complete.
Both the heavy-duty and lightweight versions of this equipment consist of stainless-steel housings. High-grade forged steel serves as the material for the eccentric shaft, while cast steel or welded versions of the moving jaw are available.
Jaw Crushers With Two Toggles
In a double-toggle jaw crusher, the eccentric shaft that moves the front and rear toggles up and down also drives the moving crusher jaw. The movable crusher jaw closes during the downstroke and opens during the upstroke of each shaft revolution. A tension rod that has springs holds the toggle in place. Since there is no shock loading transferred to the bearings and shaft when the material goes for crushing phase, the eccentric is available directly behind the swinging jaw, preventing damage to the eccentric.
Bottom Line
Jaw crushers are fundamental pieces of machinery in every mining and mineral industry. These tools enable mine engineers to safely and effectively crush and condense sizable chunks of hard material.
It minimizes the operating costs along with the downtime because of the product’s long service life and sturdy design. A jaw crusher is your best option if you’re looking for a machine that operates more efficiently when crushing huge boulders.
Alternatively, don’t hesitate to contact a member of Uğurmak team of industry experts if you need any more information on crushers.
